Anatomy and Physiology II Practice Test

What type of muscle is responsible for involuntary movements in the digestive tract?

1. Skeletal muscle

2. Cardiac muscle

3. Striated muscle

4. Smooth muscle

The correct answer is: Smooth muscle

Smooth muscle is responsible for involuntary movements in the digestive tract. This type of muscle tissue is characterized by its non-striated appearance and is found in the walls of hollow organs such as the intestines and stomach. Smooth muscle contractions are not under conscious control, allowing for peristalsis—rhythmic contractions that push food through the digestive system. In contrast, skeletal muscle, which is striated and under voluntary control, is primarily responsible for body movements and is not involved in the digestive process. Cardiac muscle, also striated, is specialized for the heart and works involuntarily but is not involved with the digestive tract. Thus, smooth muscle is the distinct type that facilitates the involuntary functions necessary for digestion.