Anatomy and Physiology II Practice Test

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Prepare for the Anatomy and Physiology II Exam with engaging quizzes. Study with flashcards and detailed questions, accompanied by explanations. Ensure your readiness for the test and boost your confidence to succeed!

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What organelle is primarily found in the midpiece of sperm and is crucial for energy production?

Cilia
Mitochondria
Acrosome
Nucleus

The correct answer is: Mitochondria

The organelle primarily found in the midpiece of sperm and crucial for energy production is the mitochondria. In sperm cells, the midpiece is packed with these organelles, which generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through cellular respiration. This energy is essential for motility since it powers the movement of the sperm through the female reproductive tract to reach and fertilize the ovum. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell due to their role in energy production. Each sperm cell needs significant energy for its flagellum to facilitate swimming, and the high concentration of mitochondria in the midpiece ensures that the sperm has a continuous supply of ATP. The presence of this organelle is vital for successful reproduction, making it key to the functionality of sperm. In contrast, cilia are hair-like structures that help with movement and are not present in sperm. The acrosome, found in the head of the sperm, contains enzymes necessary for penetrating the outer layers of the oocyte but does not play a role in energy production. Finally, the nucleus contains the genetic material and is not directly involved in energy metabolism.